Process Sap through Reverse Osmosis and Evaporation
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How Real Maple Syrup is Made
What happens here
After collection, the sap is transferred to a reverse osmosis (RO) machine (La Fendeuse CDL brand). This machine concentrates the sap by removing a significant portion of its water content, increasing the sugar concentration from about 2 Brix to 9 Brix. This step greatly reduces the amount of water that needs to be boiled off, making the evaporation process more efficient. The concentrated sap then enters the 'evaporator' (CDL constant flow evaporator). This large stainless steel machine has multiple pans, through which the sap flows. Heat is applied beneath the pans (via a flame, as shown), causing the water to evaporate and the sugar concentration to steadily increase. The sap progresses through different sections of the evaporator, reaching higher Brix levels in each successive pan. An auto draw-off mechanism, which uses temperature sensors, automatically opens a valve to release finished maple syrup (59 Brix or 66% sugar) when the correct concentration is reached. The finished syrup is collected in large pots.
Goal: Concentrate and boil down sap into pure maple syrup.
Tools and materials
- Evaporator CDL — Boiling concentrated sap to produce maple syrup
- Hydrometer — Precisely measuring the sugar content (Brix) of finished syrup
- Large Pots — Collecting finished maple syrup from the evaporator
- Refractometer — Measuring the sugar content (Brix) of the sap and syrup
- Reverse Osmosis — Concentrating sap by removing water before evaporation