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Hydroplaning and Oil Volume for Bearings

3:29
11:28
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At 3:29 in

THE TRUTH About Ball Bearing vs Journal Bearing Turbochargers! (Robert at Forced Performance)

What happens here

The speaker draws an analogy to air hockey to illustrate the principle of hydroplaning in ball bearings when too much oil is present. Just as an air hockey puck glides effortlessly on a thin cushion of air, ball bearings require a mist, not a flood, of oil to function optimally. Excessive oil causes the balls to hydroplane, preventing them from rolling properly and increasing friction, which can lead to rapid bearing wear, especially given the extremely high surface speeds involved in turbochargers. In contrast, journal bearings rely on a thick oil film (pressure film) for flotation, which also serves as a heat sink, contributing to their robustness in applications with high oil flow.

Goal: Illustrate the effect of oil volume on ball bearing performance and the cooling role of oil in journal bearings.

Tools and materials

  • Air Hockey Table — Analogy for bearing operation
  • Puck — Analogy for bearing component
  • Turbocharger Assemblies — Visual aid for discussing internal components
  • Motor Oil Unspecified — Lubrication for bearings

What they say

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because if the ball is running around the race at a million miles an hour and if it if the race is flooded with oil that the ball wants to hydroplane it doesn't want to roll on the race anymore it's supposed to ski it was a skid and try to float you know it's just like going down the highway too fast with uh with with the wrong tires and there's a puddle of water you you end up on top of the water instead of you know driving through the water so it's a resistance you you hit a big puddle of water in your car and you feel it you feel the deceleration of the car it's the same effect on a ball bearing so you really always limit and restrict the volume of oil delivered to the ball bearing turbocharger so that you're not slowing the you know slowing the rotor grip down all that oil in there gets in the way a ball bearing needs some mist of oil it needs oil present it doesn't need a flood of flowing oil the journal bearings are like that air hockey game you play when you're a kid right you turn the switch on the air pump starts you put the hook up puck on the deck and it just glides right across right it really fast no friction there's no heat you know the puck doesn't set on fire from touching the deck of the thing because there's no friction it's floating okay but if that puck is coming right towards your goal and you turn the air pump off right as that puck is coming in the puck won't make it all the way to the goal because now now it's direct contact between the two pieces instead of having that film between them and in a turbocharger the film's not the air it's motor oil okay and and and we don't have a puck in a table we have a shaft and a bearing or a bearing and a housing and you need to keep those pieces from touching there has to be a pressure film of oil between those pieces for them to float on and when there's not those pieces touch well dang it man that's the highest speed you have of any moving pieces in your whole car is the surface difference the speed difference between like a bearing bearing shaft in the bearing the bearing and the housing the thrust collar and the thrust bearing that turns going 140 000 rpm even though this collar is only a half inch diameter that ends up with some freaking surface speed okay maybe you divide by a small number of inches for the radius there but if it's going 140 000 rpm you can still divide by a small number and get a high speed and that's what you get and you burn up those bearings really quick uh yeah that…

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