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Evolution of Piston Ring Technology

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38:08
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NASCAR Engine Pistons & Rods Evolution: Lake Speed's Vintage Ford C3 Gets Modern Technology!

What happens here

This step focuses on the significant evolution of piston ring technology. Older pistons used ductile iron 'Molly' rings with a specific coating that, while soft and porous (holding oil), didn't last long under race conditions. Modern pistons, like the new one, utilize thinner steel rings with PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) coatings, such as Titanium Nitride. These coatings offer significantly higher hardness (e.g., 2400 Vickers hardness vs. 800 for Molly), enabling longer life and reduced friction. However, steel rings require the cylinder wall to hold the oil, necessitating a special plateau hone for optimal performance. These advancements allow for multiple races without ring replacement, a major leap from older designs.

Goal: Understand the impact of ring materials and coatings on engine performance and durability.

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and a half inch long pin uh but by narrowing the small end of the rod we'll still have a decent amount of pen engagement in the Piston even with a shorter wrist pin okay so what is that does that cut the the rotating weight uh yeah it does at the end of the day the the whole assembly weight of the package is whatever that is but uh what we're trying to do is on these forgings nowadays the way that they're forged in the design of them they're not going to accommodate the longer wrist pins right so in order to take advantage of the design changes everything's tighter everything's narrowed the rods are narrower the pins are shorter the pins are smaller in diameter this particular one is the same pin diameter and we're just going to narrow the pin into the connecting rod that you have because we're reevaluating the safety margin and making sure that it's okay to do so and there's ratios and certain calculations you do for that stuff and um it's like if we were using new rods not reusing the Old Rod I'd change the wrist pin size we'd make everything smaller the beam would be narrower and so on and so forth it'd be small and you probably have different forging opportunities at that because of that and uh and so on and so forth so now when you go to that narrower pin that makes the pen stiffer too right sure it's a combination of wall thickness as well as laying um but yes you're tightening it all up you're bringing it all down so it's not gonna not gonna be moving around as much especially as the key thing especially if it's a similar wall thickness but you can also play with the wall thickness of the material to to yield different results get that Springs back yeah because that wrist pin really is the backbone of the Piston yes yeah because it's the it's the strong part and all this and you want to keep it yes you want to make all this light but you still have to have the strength where you need it so that and if you look at the difference in the structures here this one is actually flexing in a different way than this one so the same wrist pin in these two designs wouldn't always work well the load on the Inside Edge of the pin boards are totally different because the forgiving part of this forging is not the same as this one right so now with this they call this a box style right yeah yeah it's uh so for us we we refer to it as an x-style or a box style okay uh there's fully boxed there's partially boxed uh and then you have round right so this is what we…

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