Prevent Vertical Failure via Proper Bedding Sand and Base Compaction

got done looking at are proof. But now, let's talk about those three critical elements that lead to failure. horizontal, vertical, and rotational. What do each of those mean, and how can you keep it from happening at your own job? Let's go there. All right, guys. The first kind of failure you're going to typically see is called vertical failure. And that's where you get an individual paver like one of these, and the corner pops up. Well, you may be thinking, well, that's poor base. But nothing could be further from the truth. In actuality, it could be too much bedding sand. See what happens when you have too much bedding sand. Bedding sand doesn't have any cohesive material in it, which means it can flex and give under the exact right conditions, such as the stool of a chair. All you have to do is put too much pressure on one corner of that pa, the sand beneath it will shift because there's no cohesive material in it, making the other side of the pa pop up. Getting the right amount of bedding sand is critical to the long-term success of any project. And the right amount is 3/4 of an inch. Now, to achieve that result, you can use a 3/4 in plastic PVC pipe. Yes, you can actually use a plastic PVC pipe for this. Some of you guys are going to be screaming at me, no you can't. Yes, you can. Or you can use a galvanized or a steel pipe. Either one will work. But what happens is that outside dimension of the pipe equals about 1 in. And 1 in is the maximum depth of bedding sand that you want underneath any project. But the bedding sand is not the same as the base material or the subbase material. We need to cover that and we will in the other two types of typical failures that you'll see. So what are we waiting for? Let's go there now. All right, guys. I got to basswords this thing up because I forgot to mention that vertical failure can also be a reflection of poor subs soils or poor base material or a combination of those two things. And what I'm actually referring to is if you sometimes see a pavered project and it looks like it's got weird indentations where a car is driven or just sink holes in it, that's because the base wasn't installed the right way. Now, two things can happen. The subs soil or the raw dirt either wasn't properly prepared. Maybe they needed to do a soil correction on that material to get it to the ideal compaction or the base. That means the soil that they imported to separate the raw dirt from the bedding sand wasn't properly compacted.…