Identify Specific Failure Mechanisms

What happens here

The presenter examines the timber retaining wall more closely, pointing out a 'tie-back' that is clearly flimsy and has failed. These tie-backs are crucial components designed to anchor the wall into the soil behind it, preventing it from pushing out. He emphasizes that the timber material itself is constantly breaking down and decomposing, regardless of initial installation quality. He illustrates this by showing the deteriorated wood. He further highlights a section of the wall that is significantly bowing outwards, indicating structural instability and a safety hazard.

Goal: Detail the specific structural and material failures present in the timber retaining wall.